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Browsing Journal Articles by Subject "20th century"

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    Kyambogo university chiefs and external contacts among the Lugbara communities in Yumbe district 1820-1962
    (Kyambogo University (Unpublished work), 2024-09) Vicko, Paskolin
    The dissertation examines the interaction between Indigenous chiefs and the foreigners who set foot in the present-day Yumbe district among the Lugbara community from 1820 to 1962. The study's main objective was to investigate why colonial administrators never used indigenous chiefs. The specific objectives of the study were; to establish the organization of the Aringa people and the role of their chiefs before external contacts; to examine the early contacts with the outsiders and how this affected the roles of the indigenous chiefs among the Lugbara, the criteria used in choosing colonial chiefs and examine the activities and impacts of external contacts among the Lugbara communities in Yumbe district from 1820 to 1962. To achieve these objectives, the study adopted a qualitative approach using a historical research design, involving identification, synthesis and analysis of pieces of information from the past which were collected through in-depth interviews and document analysis. Findings indicated that; before the coming of foreigners in Lugbaraland, there were many clans in this area of study with diverse origins. Each clan had its traditional leaders called chiefs. They were primarily responsible for all activities in the clan politically, socially, and economically. However, this phenomenon changed with the coming of different groups of foreigners who had other motives leading to a loss of interest among traditional chiefs as they were always in hiding for fear of foreign tyranny. The ordinary people who collaborated were made the new chiefs, nicknamed “Mundu bayii” literarily meaning people of the whites. The study concluded that; the Aringa, the rest of Lugbara, and Madi have been under the influence of foreign contact for a long period, from 1820 - 1962 making up to 142 years of foreign contact. The relationship of these new chiefs to the locals also called for negative reactions in that the chiefs possessed unique, responsibility and power that prompted them to perform their duties with a high degree of loyalty to colonial rulers but not to their fellow Africans as it was the case for the rest of Africa. The study was limited to the Lugbara of Aringa currently in Yumbe District but the rest of Lugbara, Madi, and Alur who also went through the same scenario were not researched, this calls for further studies in the rest of West Nile.