Browsing by Author "Ward, Philip B"

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Associations between physical inactivity, major depressive disorder, and alcohol use disorder in people living with HIV in a Ugandan fishing community
(International Journal of STD & AIDS, 2019-09-27) Vancampfort, Davy; Byansi, Peter; Kinyanda, Eugene; Namutebi, Hilda; Nalukenge, Lillian; Bbosa, Richard S; Ward, Philip B; Mugisha, James
The aim of this cross-sectional study was to explore which variables were associated with physical inactivity in people living with HIV living in a fishing community in Uganda. Secondary aims were to explore the reasons for and barriers to physical activity (PA). Two hundred and fifty-six individuals living with HIV (77 men, 40.5 ± 10.3 years) completed the Physical Activity Vital Sign (PAVS), Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), and the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test. Women had a 1.62 (95% CI = 1.01–2.57), those not having a job a 2.81 (95% CI = 2.00–3.94), and those with depression a 5.67 (95% CI = 2.27–14.17) higher odds for not being physically active for 150 min/week at moderate intensity. Employment and depression status were the only independent significant predictors explaining 27.2% of the PAVS variance. Becoming more healthy and energetic again and reducing stress were the most important PA motives, and musculoskeletal pain, body weakness, and lack of time were the most important PA barriers.
Barriers, attitudes, confidence, and knowledge of nurses regarding metabolic health screening and intervention in people with mental illness: a pilot study from Uganda
(AJOL: African Health Sciences., 2019-11-06) Vancampfort, Davy; Watkins, Andrew; Ward, Philip B; Probst, Michel; De Hert, Marc; Van Damme, Tine; Mugisha, James
People with mental illness are at an increased risk for developing cardio-metabolic disorders. Routine screening following pharmacotherapy is however unacceptably low in sub-Saharan African countries with less than 1% adequately screened. It is unknown whether this is due to a lack of adequate competences. Objectives: The aim of this pilot study was to assess the barriers, attitudes, confidence, and knowledge of nurses regarding metabolic health, prevention and treatment in Uganda. Methods: Twenty-eight nurses (39% female, 30.9±6.9 years) completed the Metabolic – Barriers, Confidence, Attitudes and Knowledge Questionnaire and the physical activity prescription rate item of the Exercise in Mental Illness Questionnaire. Results: More than 75% had a positive attitude towards metabolic screening and intervention and more than 50% were confident in providing smoking cessation advice, and physical activity and nutritional counseling. However, 57% stated that their heavy workload prevented them from doing health screening and promotion activities. There was a negative correlation (ρ=-0.54, P=0.003) between the frequency of physical activity prescription and the perception of the inability of patients to change. Conclusion: The present findings suggest that nurses are generally supportive of metabolic health screening and intervention but their high workload prevents them from implementing metabolic health interventions.
Test-retest reliability and correlates of the simple physical activity questionnaire in Ugandan out-patients with psychosis
(African Health Sciences, 2020) Vancampfort, Davy; Basangwa, David; Rosenbaum, Simon; Ward, Philip B; Mugisha, James
In order to facilitate people with psychosis to increase their physical activity (PA) levels, a reliable measure- ment of these levels is of relevance. Objectives: The primary aim of current study was to explore the test-retest of the Simple Physical Activity Questionnaire (SIMPAQ) in Ugandan outpatients with psychosis. A second aim was to explore correlates of the SIMPAQ, including de- mographic variables and antipsychotic medication dose. Methods: Thirty-four women (33.9±8.0 years) and 21 men completed the SIMPAQ twice in a day. The test-retest reliability was assessed using Spearman Rho correlations coefficients. Differences in subgroups were analysed with Mann Whitney U tests. Results: The SIMPAQ showed a good test-retest reliability with correlates ranging from 0.78 (P<0.001) for structured exer- cise to 0.96 (P<0.001) for walking. Women, non-smokers and those without HIV/AIDS showed higher incidental PA than men, smokers and those with HIV/AIDS. Conclusion: The SIMPAQ is a reliable tool to assess PA and sedentary levels in Ugandan outpatients with psychosis. Men, smokers and those with HIV/AIDS appear to be at risk for lower incidental PA.